Kunja kumavalidwe kukula ndi zovala zachikondi

Zovala zakunja zimakhudza zovala zomwe zimavalidwa pazinthu zakunja monga kukwera mapiri ndikukwera pamwala. Itha kuteteza thupi kuwonongeka kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kupewa kutentha thupi, ndipo pewani thukuta kwambiri pakuyenda mwachangu.

Zovala zakunja zimakhudza zovala zomwe zimavalidwa pazinthu zakunja monga kukwera mapiri ndikukwera pamwala. Itha kuteteza thupi kuwonongeka kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kupewa kutentha thupi, ndipo pewani thukuta kwambiri pakuyenda mwachangu.

Zovala zakunja zimagawidwa mu katswiri wamasewera masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Katswiri wamasewera akatswiri amatanthauza zovala zakunja zomwe zimavalidwa ndi akatswiri othamanga kunja. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri, zimayambitsa msika wotsiriza ndi omvera ochepa, ndipo ali ndi gawo laling'ono pamsika. Mosiyana ndi izi, zovala zapakhomo zakunja zimafunafuna msika wotsika mtengo ndi maikote amasewera. Chifukwa chake, ili ndi owonera chachikulu komanso msika wokulirapo, amawerengera 67.67% ya msika wonse mu 2017.

Nthawi zambiri, zovala zakunja za amuna ndi msika waukulu. Mtengo wapakati wa zovala za amuna ndi wokwera kuposa wa azimayi, ndipo zovala zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito. M'zaka zaposachedwa, msika wapansi pa zovala zakunja wa azimayi zatuluka pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa cha kufunsa kosiyanasiyana, kusintha kwafupipafupi kusintha kwaming'alu, ndipo mitengo yotsika kwambiri. Ndi mabanja apanja zochitika zokulirapo, msika wakunja wa ana udzakula msanga komanso kuchuluka kwa kufunika kowonjezereka. Kwa zaka zisanu zapitazi, msika wa amunawo wakula mpaka madola a biliyoni 12.4804 mpaka 17.3763 ​​biliyoni ya US, wokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa 6.84%. Komabe, timakhulupirira kuti msika wa amunawo wafika pamsika wokhwima, pomwe misika ya azimayi ndi ana idalipobe, makamaka ku Europe ndi North America. Ngakhale msika wa amunawo umakhala ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri, zovala za pachaka za azimayi ndi ana zimayembekezeredwa kupitirira zaka za abambo, mpaka 7.29% ndi 7.84% motsatana.

Mwakukula kwachuma, kusinthasintha miyendo, komanso kupita patsogolo kosalekeza m'matumbo aluso, zinthu zakunja zopangidwa kunja zikuyamba kutchuka kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, malonda akunja ali ndi zotulukapo, mabizinesi osiyanasiyana, njira zabwino zogawika, kukhwima kwambiri pamsika, komanso mpikisano waukulu, ndikupanga zovala zakunja kumakulira padziko lonse lapansi.

Pakatha nthawi yakutukuka, makampani ogulitsa zakunja tsopano ali mu gawo lokhwima ndi mpikisano woopsa, makamaka pamsika waukulu kwambiri wa zovala zakunja, North America. Makampani akunja amachokera ku United States ndi Europe, wokhala ndi makampani ocheperako. Makampani atatu apamwamba ndi VF Corporation, Colombia Squang'ala, ndi Arc'x.

Ngakhale China idayamba makampani ake akunja amakachedwa, imakhala ndi mwayi waukulu. Monga chuma chachiwiri chachikulu padziko lonse lapansi, China chakhala chikukula kwambiri kwazaka zitatu mpaka zinayi ndipo wapanga kwambiri zovala zakunja. North America ndi ku Europe imakhalanso ndi chuma chokhazikika chokhazikika.

Ndi moyo wosiyanasiyana, anthu ochulukirachulukira anthu akunja kuti azitsatira moyo wathanzi, wokhala ndi zachilengedwe, zomwe zalimbikitsa msika wambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito US amagwiritsa ntchito $ 645.5 biliyoni pachaka pazinthu zakunja, ndipo ngakhale pamavuto azachuma, msika waku US akupitilizabe kukula 5%.

Pamavuto azachuma, zinthu zapamwamba zapamwamba zimapereka chitonthozo ndi kukhutitsidwa. Kuphatikiza ndi kuchuluka kwa "ogwiritsa ntchito" kwa zojambula zakunja, zojambula zakunja zamasewera, makampani ogulitsa zakunja ali ndi mphamvu yofunika kwambiri ngakhale atangogulitsa. Masiku ano, masewera akunja sakhalanso njira yokhayo yokhalira; Asandulika njira yatsopano ya mabanja ndi abwenzi kuti asonkhane. Mukamachita nawo zochitika zakunja, anthu amalipira kwambiri magwiridwewo komanso luso la zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, kuswa kwa mphepo kumapangidwa kuchokera ku nsalu yapadera kumatha kusintha madzi kasanu kuposa thonje loyera ndipo amatha mpweya pakatha mvula 10 patagwa mvula. Kuphatikiza apo, imathanso kuteteza ku ma rays a UV ndi kuluma tizilombo.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, kugulitsa zovala zapadziko lonse lapansi kulibe $ 23,6561 biliyoni mu 2013.5999 biliyoni mu 203.4992 biliyoni ya zovala zakunja akhoza kufikira $ 47.4992 biliyoni mu 203.4992 biliyoni mu 203.4992 biliyoni mu 203.4992 biliyoni ya zovala zakunja zitha kufika pa $ 47.4992 biliyoni mu 203.4992 biliyoni mu 203.4992 biliyoni mu 203.4992 biliyoni ya zovala zakunja zitha kufika pa $ 47.4992 biliyoni ya zovala zakunja zitha kukhala $ 423, ndi kuchuluka kwa chaka kuchokera pa 2017 mpaka 2023.

Kukula kwa msika wakunja kumayendetsedwa bwino ndi ogula. M'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, kukonza ukadaulo wachuma, kusanthula miyezo yosiyanasiyana, komanso kudziwitsa zaukadaulo, kumalimbikitsa matebulo, komanso zofuna zothandizira kupangira zovala zakunja.

Zovala zosonyeza chidwi ndi katswiri wakunja ku China. Amagwirizana ndi mitundu yambiri yodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi ndikupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zovala zakunja zomwe zimalandira matama oyamikiridwa kuchokera kwa makasitomala malinga ndi makasitomala malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mtundu ndi mtengo. Pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yayitali ndi makasitomala ku North America ndi ku Europe, zovala zosimba zimamvetsetsa luso lofunikira pa zovala zakunja ndipo amadziwa nsapato zapamwamba. Mukamapanga oswa amphepo, sanayesere kufufuza ndi kupereka makasitomala awo upangiri waluso kwambiri chifukwa cha zolemba zawo, kulola makasitomala kukhala ndi mbiri yabwino pakati pa ogula.

Zovala zakunja zimagawidwa mu katswiri wamasewera masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Katswiri wamasewera akatswiri amatanthauza zovala zakunja zomwe zimavalidwa ndi akatswiri othamanga kunja. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri, zimayambitsa msika wotsiriza ndi omvera ochepa, ndipo ali ndi gawo laling'ono pamsika. Mosiyana ndi izi, zovala zapakhomo zakunja zimafunafuna msika wotsika mtengo ndi maikote amasewera. Chifukwa chake, ili ndi owonera chachikulu komanso msika wokulirapo, amawerengera 67.67% ya msika wonse mu 2017.

Nthawi zambiri, zovala zakunja za amuna ndi msika waukulu. Mtengo wapakati wa zovala za amuna ndi wokwera kuposa wa azimayi, ndipo zovala zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito. M'zaka zaposachedwa, msika wapansi pa zovala zakunja wa azimayi zatuluka pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa cha kufunsa kosiyanasiyana, kusintha kwafupipafupi kusintha kwaming'alu, ndipo mitengo yotsika kwambiri. Ndi mabanja apanja zochitika zokulirapo, msika wakunja wa ana udzakula msanga komanso kuchuluka kwa kufunika kowonjezereka. Kwa zaka zisanu zapitazi, msika wa amunawo wakula mpaka madola a biliyoni 12.4804 mpaka 17.3763 ​​biliyoni ya US, wokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa 6.84%. Komabe, timakhulupirira kuti msika wa amunawo wafika pamsika wokhwima, pomwe misika ya azimayi ndi ana idalipobe, makamaka ku Europe ndi North America. Ngakhale msika wa amunawo umakhala ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri, zovala za pachaka za azimayi ndi ana zimayembekezeredwa kupitirira zaka za abambo, mpaka 7.29% ndi 7.84% motsatana.

Mwakukula kwachuma, kusinthasintha miyendo, komanso kupita patsogolo kosalekeza m'matumbo aluso, zinthu zakunja zopangidwa kunja zikuyamba kutchuka kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, malonda akunja ali ndi zotulukapo, mabizinesi osiyanasiyana, njira zabwino zogawika, kukhwima kwambiri pamsika, komanso mpikisano waukulu, ndikupanga zovala zakunja kumakulira padziko lonse lapansi.

Pakatha nthawi yakutukuka, makampani ogulitsa zakunja tsopano ali mu gawo lokhwima ndi mpikisano woopsa, makamaka pamsika waukulu kwambiri wa zovala zakunja, North America. Makampani akunja amachokera ku United States ndi Europe, wokhala ndi makampani ocheperako. Makampani atatu apamwamba ndi VF Corporation, Colombia Squang'ala, ndi Arc'x.

Ngakhale China idayamba makampani ake akunja amakachedwa, imakhala ndi mwayi waukulu. Monga chuma chachiwiri chachikulu padziko lonse lapansi, China chakhala chikukula kwambiri kwazaka zitatu mpaka zinayi ndipo wapanga kwambiri zovala zakunja. North America ndi ku Europe imakhalanso ndi chuma chokhazikika chokhazikika.

Ndi moyo wosiyanasiyana, anthu ochulukirachulukira anthu akunja kuti azitsatira moyo wathanzi, wokhala ndi zachilengedwe, zomwe zalimbikitsa msika wambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito US amagwiritsa ntchito $ 645.5 biliyoni pachaka pazinthu zakunja, ndipo ngakhale pamavuto azachuma, msika waku US akupitilizabe kukula 5%.

Pamavuto azachuma, zinthu zapamwamba zapamwamba zimapereka chitonthozo ndi kukhutitsidwa. Kuphatikiza ndi kuchuluka kwa "ogwiritsa ntchito" kwa zojambula zakunja, zojambula zakunja zamasewera, makampani ogulitsa zakunja ali ndi mphamvu yofunika kwambiri ngakhale atangogulitsa. Masiku ano, masewera akunja sakhalanso njira yokhayo yokhalira; Asandulika njira yatsopano ya mabanja ndi abwenzi kuti asonkhane. Mukamachita nawo zochitika zakunja, anthu amalipira kwambiri magwiridwewo komanso luso la zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, kuswa kwa mphepo kumapangidwa kuchokera ku nsalu yapadera kumatha kusintha madzi kasanu kuposa thonje loyera ndipo amatha mpweya pakatha mvula 10 patagwa mvula. Kuphatikiza apo, imathanso kuteteza ku ma rays a UV ndi kuluma tizilombo.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, kugulitsa zovala zapadziko lonse lapansi kulibe $ 23.6561 biliyoni mu 2013 ndi kuchuluka kwa $ 47.4992 biliyoni ya zovala zakunja kumatha kupezeka $ 423, kuyambira pa 2017% kuyambira pa 2017 mpaka 2023

Kukula kwa msika wakunja kumayendetsedwa bwino ndi ogula. M'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, kukonza ukadaulo wachuma, kusanthula miyezo yosiyanasiyana, komanso kudziwitsa zaukadaulo, kumalimbikitsa matebulo, komanso zofuna zothandizira kupangira zovala zakunja.

Zovala Zamanyazindi wopanga zovala zakunja ku China. Amagwirizana ndi mitundu yambiri yodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi ndikupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zovala zakunja zomwe zimalandira matama oyamikiridwa kuchokera kwa makasitomala malinga ndi makasitomala malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mtundu ndi mtengo. Pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yayitali ndi makasitomala ku North America ndi ku Europe, zovala zosimba zimamvetsetsa luso lofunikira pa zovala zakunja ndipo amadziwa nsapato zapamwamba. Mukamapanga oswa amphepo, sanayesere kufufuza ndi kupereka makasitomala awo upangiri waluso kwambiri chifukwa cha zolemba zawo, kulola makasitomala kukhala ndi mbiri yabwino pakati pa ogula.